GERANIOL

1. Structure of Geraniol 

fig. 1 structur of geraniol

geraniol (C10H18O) has two ethylenically bond, and citronellol (C10H20O) has a hydroxyl group. Geraniol colorless (pale yellow) soluble in alcohol and ether.

Geraniol
IUPAC name[hide] 3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol
Identifiers
CAS number	106-24-1
ChemSpider	13849989
UNII	L837108USY
EC number	203-377-1
ChEBI	CHEBI:17447
ChEMBL	CHEMBL25719
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES [show]
InChI [show]
Properties
Molecular formula	C10H18O
Molar mass	154.25 g mol−1
Density	0.889 g/cm3
Melting point	-15 °C, 258 K, 5 °F ([2])
Boiling point	230 °C, 503 K, 446 °F ([2])
Solubility in water	686 mg/L (20 °C)[2]
(verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Geraniol_structure.png

2.  Biosynthesis of Geraniol

fig. 2 biosynthesis of geraniol

http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~sglover/CHEM303%20Chapter%201%20HTML/sld042.htm

3. Isomerization of Geraniol

fig. 3 isomerization of geraniol

4. Spectrum of Geraniol

fig. 4 spectrum of geraniol

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060311200411X

5. Isolation of Geraniol from Citronella

Citronella oil was isolated from Citronella leaves by steam distillation. The distillate of Citronella oil was extracted with ether to separate it from water. To increase the geraniol content, Citronella oil was hydrolysed with NaOH in ethanol for 1 hour to convert geranil acetate to geraniol. Identification of geraniol was conducted by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method.

Ten kilograms of Citronella leaves produced 42,5 mL (0,373%) of yellow-pale Citronella oil with refractive index of 1,4755. The data of GC chromatogram of Citronella oil showed that the geraniol content was about 65,34%. The enrichment of geraniol with NaOH in ethanol caused hydrolysis reaction of geranil acetate to geraniol, and therefore raised the geraniol content up to 81,96%.

fig. 5 isolation Citronella